Investment
Investment in transport equipment in the EU fluctuated between 1.5% and 2.0% of the total economic output (GDP) from 2011 to 2021. Initially, there was a decline in investment between 2011 and 2013, which was a result of the lingering effects of the global financial and economic crisis from earlier years. However, from 2013 onwards, there was a gradual increase in investment relative to the economy, reaching its peak at 2.0% in 2017 and 2019. The COVID-19 crisis significantly affected this investment, as evidenced by a decrease in the ratio to 1.7% in 2020 and 1.6% in 2021. This indicates a reduction in spending on transport equipment compared to the overall economic activity during those years.